• [S1] Clem Jones, Pioneers and Progress (Sands & McDougall 1978).
  • [S27] Rica Erickson and Gillian O'Mara, Convicts in WA 1850-1887 Dictionary of Western Australians Volume IX (University of WA Press, 1994, ISBN 1 875560 44 0).
  • [S56] Martin, Jeni Data,Central Victoria.
  • [S62] Metropolitan Cemetery Board, online mcb.wa.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as MCB.
  • [S63] WW2 Nominal Roll, online www.ww2roll.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as WW2 Nominal Roll.
  • [S66] LDS, Australian Vital Records Index., CD-ROM (n.p.: n.pub.), BDM's. Hereinafter cited as AVRI.
  • [S73] Harold Coppock Data,Carine.
  • [S74] Eril Wangarek,Melbourne.
  • [S78] Rod Dickson, They Kept This State Afloat (Carlisle, WA: Hesperian Press, 1998). Hereinafter cited as They Kept This State Afloat.
  • [S79] Hereinafter cited as Death Certicate.
  • [S80] Certificate.
  • [S81] NSW BDMs Index, online http://www.bdm.nsw.gov.au/familyHistory/…. Hereinafter cited as NSW BDMs Index.
  • [S88] Bev Moore Data,Melbourne.
  • [S89] Winners On The Track, The West Australian, Obituaries, 26/2/2004, 50. Hereinafter cited as The West.
  • [S93] Rica Erickson, compiler, Dictionary of Western Australians (Nedlands: UWA, 1986). Hereinafter cited as Dict of WA.
  • [S118] Desmond Tatchell, online www.ausiebox.com.au/ace/convict.html. Hereinafter cited as Desmond Tatchell.
  • [S136] Wise's Directories, Western Australia Post Office Directory (Wise's) 1905 (Archive CD Books) (Perth: Wise's Directories, 1906). Hereinafter cited as Wise's Directory 1905.
  • [S142] Family Search, online www.familysearch.org. Hereinafter cited as Family Search.
  • [S156] UNSW AIF WWI, online www.aif.adfa.edu.au. Hereinafter cited as UNSW AIF WWI.
  • [S162] Reverse WA Marriage Lookup, online http://www.wamarriage.info/. Hereinafter cited as Reverse WA Marriage Lookup.
  • [S176] Ancestry.Com 1861 Census, online search.ancestry.co.uk. Hereinafter cited as Ancestry.Com 1861 Census.
  • [S177] Ancestry.Com 1871 Census, online search.ancestry.co.uk. Hereinafter cited as Ancestry.Com 1871 Census.
  • [S190] WAGS, Marriage Index of WA 1915-33., CD-ROM (Bayswater, WA: WAGS, 2005), Marriages. Hereinafter cited as Marriage Index of WA 1915-33.
  • [S192] Ann Hoare Data,Broken Hill, NSW.
  • [S201] WA BDMs, online http://www.bdm.dotag.wa.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as WA BDMs.
  • [S213] National Achives - WW1 Records, online www.naa.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as National Achives - WW1 Records.
  • [S215] Macbeth, Vic Index 1889-1901., CD-ROM (Hampton, Vic: Macbeth, 1997), BDM. Hereinafter cited as Vic Index 1889-1901.
  • [S216] Macbeth, Vic Index 1902-1913., CD-ROM (Hampton, Vic: Macbeth, 1997), BDM. Hereinafter cited as Vic Index 1902-1913.
  • [S217] PRO Vic Unassited Immigration, online proarchives.imagineering.com.au. Hereinafter cited as PRO Vic Unassited Immigration.
  • [S221] The Ships List, online www.theshipslist.com. Hereinafter cited as The Ships List.
  • [S225] Dept of Justice, Vic Deaths 1921-1985., CD-ROM (Victoria: Macbeath, 1998), Deaths. Hereinafter cited as Vic Deaths 1921-1985.
  • [S278] Hayman, Deborah,England.
  • [S298] David Fitzpatrick, Oceans of Consolation (Cork University Press, Ireland 1994).
  • [S304] Andrew S Bowman,Carnamah, WA.
  • [S309] Ancestry.com, online www.ancestry.com. Hereinafter cited as Ancestry.com.
  • [S326] Ancestry.Com 1841 Census, online search.ancestry.co.uk. Hereinafter cited as Ancestry.Com 1841 Census.
  • [S327] Ancestry.Com 1851 Census, online search.ancestry.co.uk. Hereinafter cited as Ancestry.Com 1851 Census.
  • [S341] The Hobart Town Courier, online newspapers.nla.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as The Hobart Town Courier.
  • [S347] Achives Office of Tasmania, online portal.archives.tas.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as Achives Office of Tasmania.
  • [S371] Karrakatta Headstone Transcriptions, online http://membership.wags.org.au/membership-mainmenu-44/…. Hereinafter cited as Karrakatta Headstones.
  • [S389] Trove, online trove.nla.gov.au. Hereinafter cited as Trove.
  • [S390] Bunbury Cemetery, online http://map.bunburycemetery.com.au:8008/mapguide/Bunbury/…. Hereinafter cited as Bunbury Cemetery.
  • [S436] East Perth Cemeteries, online eastpertcemeteries.com.au. Hereinafter cited as East Perth Cemeteries.
  • [S449] Ken Mann,Scarborough, WA.
  • [S485] Jennifer Finch,NSW.
  • [S587] Karen King,England.
  • [S632] Find A Grave, online findagrave.com. Hereinafter cited as Find A Grave.
  • [S651] George Hayman, "George Hayman Declaration contained in Landgate TLA Application 92-1883" (Document, unknown location, 9/10/1882). Hereinafter cited as "George Hayman Declaration."
  • [S655] Non-Parochial BMDs, 1581-1970 [database online]. TheGenealogist.co.uk 2021, online thegenealogist.com. Hereinafter cited as Non-Parochial BMDs, 1581-1970.
  • [S656] Criminal Register Indexes, [database online]. © TheGenealogist.co.uk 2021, . Hereinafter cited as Criminal Register Indexes.